2.9 Costs

As land, material, and labour costs vary worldwide, the estimated total cost of constructed wetlands will also vary depending on the location. As the systems require significant land area, it is preferred where land cost is low.

In humanitarian response efforts in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, the reported range of capital expenditures (CapEx) for 1m³ treatment capacity was between 2,000 to 8,000 USD, while operational expenditures (OpEx) ranged between 0.25 to 2.83 USD. This resulted in a whole life cycle cost (10 years) ranging from 23,904 to 36,330 USD.