6.2 Applicability

The advanced treatment systems described in this module are suitable for on-site and off-site treatment as a secondary treatment for liquid waste streams when high-quality effluent is required for reuse or discharge. These systems have many applications and can be used in various settings and scenarios, as listed below.

• The treatment systems are highly suitable for institutions, educational facilities, and hospitals as an on-site treatment solution where maintaining high wastewater treatment standards is critical. These settings often produce wastewater that requires efficient treatment, and these systems provide a reliable solution.
• These systems can also supply treated water for reuse, such as flushing toilets or irrigating school gardens. 
• These systems can significantly improve effluent quality while minimising space usage, especially in densely populated areas with high risk for public health or groundwater pollution where septic tanks or holding tanks are used for on-site treatment. 
• The system can also be seamlessly integrated into existing treatment units, such as Faecal Sludge Treatment Plants (FSTP), to post-treatment effluent, thereby improving its quality and enhancing overall performance.  
• These systems are suitable for retrofitting existing systems to upgrade and improve effluent quality without completely replacing the existing infrastructure.

Overall, the systems described in this module offer versatile solutions for the treatment of effluent and wastewater, and their applicability extends to a range of contexts, from small-scale on-site applications to community-level wastewater treatment facilities. Their ability to enhance effluent quality and adaptability to different settings make them valuable for addressing various wastewater treatment needs.