Manual or guideline
Decision Tool for Faecal Sludge Treatment Plants (FSTPs)
Author: Arup / Oxfam
Year: 2024
Decision guidance tool for Faecal Sludge Treatment Plants (FSTPs) in humanitarian responses. The aim of the tool is to support WASH managers and practitioners to make decisions on which type of FSTP is most appropriate for their site circumstances and requirements. The tool is to guide initial decision making and the appropriate local expertise should be brought in to confirm and design the selected solution. A full chain of Faecal Sludge Management (FSM) is required to properly manage faecal sludge in emergencies. The tool focuses on the ‘treatment’ element of the chain.
An FSTP is made up of several stages of treatment with each stage had a variety of options for technology type. This decision tool focuses on recommending the most appropriate whole FSTP option, rather than standalone technologies.
A limited number of treatment types are included based on the available/reviewed/practical evidence, at the time of publishing the decision tool (2023). A majority of the information is based on field data collected in Cox Bazaar Bangladesh between 2018 and 2022.
Decision Tool for Faecal Sludge Treatment Plants (FSTPs)
External Link
Open linkWould you like to see other resources here?
Give us your feedback"*" indicates required fields
Related Resources and Tools
CataloSan - Catálogo de Soluções Sustentáveis de Saneamento
Catalogue of sustainable sanitation solutions for domestic sewage management. It provides detailed information on a…
Nota técnica (NT) sobre saneamento em situações de desastres hidrológicos - inundações.
“WASH Technical Note in Situations of Hydrological Disasters – Floods.” – This technical note aims to…
WASH Climate Resilient Development - Linking risk with response: options for climate resilient WASH
This Technical Brief forms part of the Strategic Framework for WASH Climate Resilient Development, produced…
Programme Guidance for Climate Resilient WASH
The purpose of this document is to guide people working for WaterAid and WaterAid’s partner…
Female-Friendly Public and Community Toilets: A Guide for Planners and Decision Makers
The guide can help improve understanding of the requirements of women and girls using public…
Environmental Indicators of Climate Risks to Inclusive WASH
This learning resource summarises a range of indicators that WASH service authorities and their civil…
Guidelines for the Design of Intermediate Faecal Sludge Transfer Systems(IFSTS) using Pressurized and Gravity Sewers in Urban Slum or Large Refugee Camp Contexts in Bangladesh
Closing the Gender Gap in Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
This programme guide is intended to support humanitarian staff primarily working in the water, sanitation…
Solid Waste Management in Emergencies - Technical Note
WHO and WEDC technical notes on drinking-water, sanitation and hygiene in emergencies. The safe disposal…
Strategic Framework for WASH Climate Resilience
Container-Based Sanitation Implementation Guide, 1st Edition
CBSA’s first CBS Implementation Guide, which sets down in one place, numerous leanings from several…
IFSTN Oxfam O&M guidelines
O&M Guidelines from OXFAM for the Intermediate fecal sludge transfer network in the Refugee Camp…
Caderno Didático/Técnico para Curso de Gestão de Sistemas de Esgotamento Sanitário em áreas rurais do Brazil
“Technical book for Course on Management of Sewage Systems in Rural Areas of Brazil.” to…
Sampling for Faecal Sludge and Other Liquid Wastes in Emergency Settings
This publication is the result of the technical assistance provided by UPM Umwelt-Projekt-Management GmbH (UPM)…
Steps to Achieve Universal Access to Safely Managed Sanitation
This document supports country-level implementation of sanitation initiatives aimed at promoting access to climate-resilient safely…
WASH Services and Climate Change: Impacts and Responses
With a growing number of countries being affected by rising sea levels, morefrequent cyclones or…
Guidance on the Operationalisation of the Minimum Environmental Requirements and Recommendations for Eu-Funded Humanitarian Aid Operations
The minimum environmental requirements and recommendations were developed to address negative environmental impacts related to…
Guidance for Risk-Informed Programming
The purpose of this guidance is to help UNICEF and its partners better assess and…
Managing Solid Waste: Sector-Specific Guidelines for the Red Cross Red Crescent
In emergencies, solid waste generated by both the affected population and humanitarian activities can accumulate…
Latrine lining and options in loose soils - Technical Brief
Green Response: Environmental Quick Guide
The Guide explains the basics of green response and provides practical advice on how National…
UN-IASC Light Guidance on Collective Outcomes
This light guidance was developed by WHO and UNHCR on behalf of the IASC Results…
Compendium of Water Supply Technologies in Emergencies
The Compendium of Water Supply Technologies in Emergencies offers a comprehensive and structured manual and…
Global Digest of Waste Management: Standards, Conventions, Guidelines
The aim of this document is to provide insights on the minimum standards and regulations…
Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Self-Assessment Tool
This guidance is for staff of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) implementation and research projectsand…
WASH for Peace Guidance and Tools
Integrating conflict sensitivity and peacebuilding approaches to WASH programming in fragile and conflict-affected contexts Despite…
Anaerobic Filter (AF) Design Considerations for Faecal Sludge
This publication is the result of the technical assistance provided by UPM Umwelt-Projekt- Management GmbH…
What Every Operator Should Know About Anaerobic Digestion
Engaging Men and Boys for Gender-Transformative WASH
Engaging men and boys is an exciting development in the WASH space; for too long…
Comprehensive Overview of Biogas for Sanitation Options – Training of Trainers
This publication is the result of the technical assistance provided by UPM Umwelt-Projekt- Management GmbH…
Sanitation inspections: User Guide
Sanitation inspections are short, standardized checklists to assess risks at or near sanitation facilities and…
National Compendium of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Technologies for Disaster Response: A WASH Cluster Initiative (Bangladesh)
The Department of Public Health Engineering is working to implement the government’s commitment to ensure…
Lime Treatment of Faecal Sludge for Humanitarian Contexts - Guidelines for Onsite to Centralised Treatment
The purpose of these guidelines is to provide practical, hands’ on guidance on lime treatment…
Sani Tweaks Best Practices in Sanitation
Studies have shown that agencies are failing to properly consult or collect and act on…
Joint Operational Framework (JOF): WASH Resilience, Conflict Sensitivity and Peacebuilding
The “Joint Operational Framework: WASH Resilience, Conflict Sensitivity and Peacebuilding” aims to enable better collaboration…
Comprehensive Overview on Bio-Solids Post-Treatments
This publication is the result of the technical assistance provided by UPM Umwelt-Projekt- Management GmbH…
Strengthening Gender Integration in Sanitation Programming and Policy: Insights From Literature and Practice
Gender equality and inclusion are key aspects of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) service provision…
Intermediate fecal sluge transfer network _ Overview & Operation and Maintenance Manual
Manual for the operation and maintenance of an intermediate fecal sludge transfer network build by…
Intermediate Fecal Sludge Transfer Network
Accessibility and Safety Audits
Accessibility and safety audits are participatory and practical tools that can be used to rapidly…
Tiger Worm Toilet Manual
Globally relevant learnings from Myanmar
Climate Resilient Sanitation Technical Brief
Guidelines for Resilience Systems Analysis: How to Analyse Risk and Build a Roadmap to Resilience
The guidance is aimed at professionals who are grappling with what resilience actually means, and…
Disaster Risk Reduction and WASH Comprehensive Guidance
This guideline is a collection of tools to assist agencies in mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction…
Emergency Sanitation Guidelines, Beira
Provide technical guidance to partners implementing sanitation emergency programs and interventions in settlements
Start up Plan, FSTP KTP (FSTP 1) - Oxfam UNHCR - Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh
Guideline for Waste Stabilization Pond
Guidelines presenting the different modules of the FSTP implemented by World Vision in Bangladesh and…
Comprehensive Overview on DEWATS Effluent Post-Treatments
This publication is the result of the technical assistance provided by UPM Umwelt-Projekt- Management GmbH…
Public Health Engineering In Precarious Situations
Manual intended for the setting up of public health programmes in disadvantaged areas, particularlyin refugee…
Guia para implementação de saneamento sustentável seguro - Effluentes domésticos e resíduos sólidos orgânicos
“Guide to implementing safe sustainable sanitation: domestic effluents and organic solid waste”. This document outlines…
IFSTN design Manual Oxfam UNHCR 2020
Design Manual from OXFAM for the Intermediate fecal sludge transfer network in the Refugee Camp…
Faecal Sludge Management Guide
This guide is a reference document intended for WaterAid staff to help createbetter sanitation programmes.…
A review of sanitation technologies for flood-prone areas
Despite the formal acknowledgment of sanitation as a fundamental human right, more than 600 million…
Technical Guidelines – WaSH UNIT - Sewage and Faecal Sludge Segregation in Rohingya Refugee Camps
Integrating Gender Equality Into Community Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Projects – Guidance Notes
Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and gender equality are often treated as separate thematic areas,…
CataloSan - Catálogo de Soluções Sustentáveis de Saneamento
Catalogue of sustainable sanitation solutions for domestic sewage management. It provides detailed information on a…
Nota técnica (NT) sobre saneamento em situações de desastres hidrológicos - inundações.
“WASH Technical Note in Situations of Hydrological Disasters – Floods.” – This technical note aims to…
WASH Climate Resilient Development - Linking risk with response: options for climate resilient WASH
This Technical Brief forms part of the Strategic Framework for WASH Climate Resilient Development, produced…
Programme Guidance for Climate Resilient WASH
The purpose of this document is to guide people working for WaterAid and WaterAid’s partner…
Female-Friendly Public and Community Toilets: A Guide for Planners and Decision Makers
The guide can help improve understanding of the requirements of women and girls using public…
Environmental Indicators of Climate Risks to Inclusive WASH
This learning resource summarises a range of indicators that WASH service authorities and their civil…
Guidelines for the Design of Intermediate Faecal Sludge Transfer Systems(IFSTS) using Pressurized and Gravity Sewers in Urban Slum or Large Refugee Camp Contexts in Bangladesh
Closing the Gender Gap in Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
This programme guide is intended to support humanitarian staff primarily working in the water, sanitation…
Solid Waste Management in Emergencies - Technical Note
WHO and WEDC technical notes on drinking-water, sanitation and hygiene in emergencies. The safe disposal…
Strategic Framework for WASH Climate Resilience
Container-Based Sanitation Implementation Guide, 1st Edition
CBSA’s first CBS Implementation Guide, which sets down in one place, numerous leanings from several…
IFSTN Oxfam O&M guidelines
O&M Guidelines from OXFAM for the Intermediate fecal sludge transfer network in the Refugee Camp…
Caderno Didático/Técnico para Curso de Gestão de Sistemas de Esgotamento Sanitário em áreas rurais do Brazil
“Technical book for Course on Management of Sewage Systems in Rural Areas of Brazil.” to…
Sampling for Faecal Sludge and Other Liquid Wastes in Emergency Settings
This publication is the result of the technical assistance provided by UPM Umwelt-Projekt-Management GmbH (UPM)…
Steps to Achieve Universal Access to Safely Managed Sanitation
This document supports country-level implementation of sanitation initiatives aimed at promoting access to climate-resilient safely…
WASH Services and Climate Change: Impacts and Responses
With a growing number of countries being affected by rising sea levels, morefrequent cyclones or…
Guidance on the Operationalisation of the Minimum Environmental Requirements and Recommendations for Eu-Funded Humanitarian Aid Operations
The minimum environmental requirements and recommendations were developed to address negative environmental impacts related to…
Guidance for Risk-Informed Programming
The purpose of this guidance is to help UNICEF and its partners better assess and…
Managing Solid Waste: Sector-Specific Guidelines for the Red Cross Red Crescent
In emergencies, solid waste generated by both the affected population and humanitarian activities can accumulate…
Latrine lining and options in loose soils - Technical Brief
Green Response: Environmental Quick Guide
The Guide explains the basics of green response and provides practical advice on how National…
UN-IASC Light Guidance on Collective Outcomes
This light guidance was developed by WHO and UNHCR on behalf of the IASC Results…
Compendium of Water Supply Technologies in Emergencies
The Compendium of Water Supply Technologies in Emergencies offers a comprehensive and structured manual and…
Global Digest of Waste Management: Standards, Conventions, Guidelines
The aim of this document is to provide insights on the minimum standards and regulations…
Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Self-Assessment Tool
This guidance is for staff of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) implementation and research projectsand…
WASH for Peace Guidance and Tools
Integrating conflict sensitivity and peacebuilding approaches to WASH programming in fragile and conflict-affected contexts Despite…
Anaerobic Filter (AF) Design Considerations for Faecal Sludge
This publication is the result of the technical assistance provided by UPM Umwelt-Projekt- Management GmbH…
What Every Operator Should Know About Anaerobic Digestion
Engaging Men and Boys for Gender-Transformative WASH
Engaging men and boys is an exciting development in the WASH space; for too long…
Comprehensive Overview of Biogas for Sanitation Options – Training of Trainers
This publication is the result of the technical assistance provided by UPM Umwelt-Projekt- Management GmbH…
Sanitation inspections: User Guide
Sanitation inspections are short, standardized checklists to assess risks at or near sanitation facilities and…
National Compendium of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Technologies for Disaster Response: A WASH Cluster Initiative (Bangladesh)
The Department of Public Health Engineering is working to implement the government’s commitment to ensure…
Lime Treatment of Faecal Sludge for Humanitarian Contexts - Guidelines for Onsite to Centralised Treatment
The purpose of these guidelines is to provide practical, hands’ on guidance on lime treatment…
Sani Tweaks Best Practices in Sanitation
Studies have shown that agencies are failing to properly consult or collect and act on…
Joint Operational Framework (JOF): WASH Resilience, Conflict Sensitivity and Peacebuilding
The “Joint Operational Framework: WASH Resilience, Conflict Sensitivity and Peacebuilding” aims to enable better collaboration…
Comprehensive Overview on Bio-Solids Post-Treatments
This publication is the result of the technical assistance provided by UPM Umwelt-Projekt- Management GmbH…
Strengthening Gender Integration in Sanitation Programming and Policy: Insights From Literature and Practice
Gender equality and inclusion are key aspects of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) service provision…
Intermediate fecal sluge transfer network _ Overview & Operation and Maintenance Manual
Manual for the operation and maintenance of an intermediate fecal sludge transfer network build by…
Intermediate Fecal Sludge Transfer Network
Accessibility and Safety Audits
Accessibility and safety audits are participatory and practical tools that can be used to rapidly…
Tiger Worm Toilet Manual
Globally relevant learnings from Myanmar
Climate Resilient Sanitation Technical Brief
Guidelines for Resilience Systems Analysis: How to Analyse Risk and Build a Roadmap to Resilience
The guidance is aimed at professionals who are grappling with what resilience actually means, and…
Disaster Risk Reduction and WASH Comprehensive Guidance
This guideline is a collection of tools to assist agencies in mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction…
Emergency Sanitation Guidelines, Beira
Provide technical guidance to partners implementing sanitation emergency programs and interventions in settlements
Start up Plan, FSTP KTP (FSTP 1) - Oxfam UNHCR - Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh
Guideline for Waste Stabilization Pond
Guidelines presenting the different modules of the FSTP implemented by World Vision in Bangladesh and…
Comprehensive Overview on DEWATS Effluent Post-Treatments
This publication is the result of the technical assistance provided by UPM Umwelt-Projekt- Management GmbH…
Public Health Engineering In Precarious Situations
Manual intended for the setting up of public health programmes in disadvantaged areas, particularlyin refugee…
Guia para implementação de saneamento sustentável seguro - Effluentes domésticos e resíduos sólidos orgânicos
“Guide to implementing safe sustainable sanitation: domestic effluents and organic solid waste”. This document outlines…
IFSTN design Manual Oxfam UNHCR 2020
Design Manual from OXFAM for the Intermediate fecal sludge transfer network in the Refugee Camp…
Faecal Sludge Management Guide
This guide is a reference document intended for WaterAid staff to help createbetter sanitation programmes.…
A review of sanitation technologies for flood-prone areas
Despite the formal acknowledgment of sanitation as a fundamental human right, more than 600 million…
Technical Guidelines – WaSH UNIT - Sewage and Faecal Sludge Segregation in Rohingya Refugee Camps
Integrating Gender Equality Into Community Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Projects – Guidance Notes
Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and gender equality are often treated as separate thematic areas,…
Still have questions?
You could not find the information you were looking for? Please contact our helpdesk team of experts for direct and individual support.
