Options to Progressively Upgrade Sanitation Infrastructure from Emergency Response to Stabilisation

This document highlights the technical options available in emergencies between uncontrolled defecation and permanent toilets. It synthesizes key design, implementation and operation features of controlled open defecation fields, shallow trench latrines, deep trench latrines and shallow family toilets. It also touches on cross-cutting issues such as dealing with acceptance and decommissioning.

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